Europe at the Frontier? DeepTech, Defense and the Race for Critical Technologies

Europe is accelerating investment in frontier technologies, from AI and defense to energy, but capital alone won’t secure leadership. The challenge is execution: building real capabilities at the speed and scale required to compete globally. Where is Europe creating true depth in critical technologies and where is it falling behind? What gaps persist between ambition and performance? And what must investors, founders, and institutions do differently to turn innovation into lasting strategic advantage?